Rujukan Planet meta

  1. ↑ Shostak, Seth (24 February 2005). "Orphan Planets: It's a Hard Knock Life". Space.com. Dicapai pada 13 November 2020.
  2. ↑ Lloyd, Robin (18 April 2001). "Free-Floating Planets – British Team Restakes Dubious Claim". Space.com. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 13 October 2008.
  3. ↑ "Orphan 'planet' findings challenged by new model". NASA Astrobiology. 18 April 2001. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 22 March 2009.
  4. 1 2 3 Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gelino, Christopher R.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Meisner, Aaron M.; Caselden, Dan; Schneider, Adam C.; Marocco, Federico; Cayago, Alfred J.; Smart, R. L. (2021-03-01). "The Field Substellar Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20 pc Census of 525 L, T, and Y Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 253 (1): 7. arXiv:2011.11616. Bibcode:2021ApJS..253....7K. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abd107. ISSN 0067-0049.
  5. ↑ Neil deGrasse Tyson in Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey as referred to by National Geographic
  6. ↑ "The research team found that the mission will provide a rogue planet count that is at least 10 times more precise than current estimates, which range from tens of billions to trillions in our galaxy." https://scitechdaily.com/our-solar-system-may-be-unusual-rogue-planets-unveiled-with-nasas-roman-space-telescope/
  7. ↑ Working Group on Extrasolar Planets – Definition of a "Planet" Position Statement on the Definition of a "Planet" (IAU) Diarkibkan 16 September 2006 di Wayback Machine
  8. ↑ "Rogue planet find makes astronomers ponder theory"
  9. 1 2 3 Zapatero Osorio, M. R. (6 October 2000). "Discovery of Young, Isolated Planetary Mass Objects in the σ Orionis Star Cluster". Science. 290 (5489): 103–7. Bibcode:2000Sci...290..103Z. doi:10.1126/science.290.5489.103. PMID 11021788.
  10. 1 2 Lucas, P. W.; Roche, P. F. (2000-06-01). "A population of very young brown dwarfs and free-floating planets in Orion". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 314 (4): 858–864. arXiv:astro-ph/0003061. Bibcode:2000MNRAS.314..858L. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03515.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  11. ↑ Spezzi, L.; Alves de Oliveira, C.; Moraux, E.; Bouvier, J.; Winston, E.; Hudelot, P.; Bouy, H.; Cuillandre, J. -C. (2012-09-01). "Searching for planetary-mass T-dwarfs in the core of Serpens". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 545: A105. arXiv:1208.0702. Bibcode:2012A&A...545A.105S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219559. ISSN 0004-6361.
  12. ↑ Schneider, Adam C. (21 April 2016). "WISEA J114724.10-204021.3: A Free-floating Planetary Mass Member of the TW Hya Association". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 822 (1): L1. arXiv:1603.07985. Bibcode:2016ApJ...822L...1S. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/822/1/L1.
  13. ↑ Liu, Michael C. (10 November 2013). "The Extremely Red, Young L Dwarf PSO J318.5338-22.8603: A Free-floating Planetary-mass Analog to Directly Imaged Young Gas-giant Planets". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 777 (1): L20. arXiv:1310.0457. Bibcode:2013ApJ...777L..20L. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/777/2/L20.
  14. 1 2 Bennett, D.P.; Batista, V. (13 December 2013). "A Sub-Earth-Mass Moon Orbiting a Gas Giant Primary or a High Velocity Planetary System in the Galactic Bulge". The Astrophysical Journal. 785 (2): 155. arXiv:1312.3951. Bibcode:2014ApJ...785..155B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/785/2/155. Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (bantuan)
  15. 1 2 Mróz, Przemek; Poleski, Radosław; Gould, Andrew; Udalski, Andrzej; Sumi, Takahiro; Szymański, Michał K.; Soszyński, Igor; Pietrukowicz, Paweł; Kozłowski, Szymon (2020). "A Terrestrial-mass Rogue Planet Candidate Detected in the Shortest-timescale Microlensing Event". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 903 (1). L11. arXiv:2009.12377. Bibcode:2020ApJ...903L..11M. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abbfad. Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (bantuan)
  16. ↑ "ESO telescopes help uncover largest group of rogue planets yet". European Southern Observatory. 22 December 2021. Dicapai pada 22 December 2021.
  17. ↑ "Billions of Starless Planets Haunt Dark Cloud Cradles". NAOJ: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 2021-12-23. Dicapai pada 2023-09-09.
  18. ↑ Shen, Zili (2021-12-30). "Wandering Planets". Astrobites (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 2022-01-02.
  19. ↑ "Largest Collection of Free-Floating Planets Found in the Milky Way - KPNO". kpno.noirlab.edu. Dicapai pada 2023-09-08.
  20. 1 2 Lucas, P. W.; Roche, P. F.; Allard, France; Hauschildt, P. H. (2001-09-01). "Infrared spectroscopy of substellar objects in Orion". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 326 (2): 695–721. arXiv:astro-ph/0105154. Bibcode:2001MNRAS.326..695L. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04666.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  21. 1 2 3 4 Caballero, José A. (2018-09-01). "A Review on Substellar Objects below the Deuterium Burning Mass Limit: Planets, Brown Dwarfs or What?". Geosciences. 8 (10): 362. arXiv:1808.07798. Bibcode:2018Geosc...8..362C. doi:10.3390/geosciences8100362.
  22. ↑ Oasa, Yumiko; Tamura, Motohide; Sugitani, Koji (1999-11-01). "A Deep Near-Infrared Survey of the Chamaeleon I Dark Cloud Core". The Astrophysical Journal. 526 (1): 336–343. Bibcode:1999ApJ...526..336O. doi:10.1086/307964. ISSN 0004-637X.
  23. ↑ Luhman, K. L.; Peterson, Dawn E.; Megeath, S. T. (2004-12-01). "Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Least Massive Known Brown Dwarf in Chamaeleon". The Astrophysical Journal. 617 (1): 565–568. arXiv:astro-ph/0411445. Bibcode:2004ApJ...617..565L. doi:10.1086/425228. ISSN 0004-637X.
  24. ↑ O’Callaghan, Jonathan (2 October 2023). "The Orion Nebula Is Full of Impossible Enigmas That Come in Pairs - In new, high-resolution imagery of the star-forming region, scientists spotted worlds that defied explanation, naming them Jupiter Mass Binary Objects". The New York Times. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2 October 2023. Dicapai pada 2 October 2023.
  25. ↑ Homeless' Planets May Be Common in Our Galaxy Diarkibkan 8 Oktober 2012 di Wayback Machine by Jon Cartwright, Science Now, 18 May 2011, Accessed 20 May 2011
  26. ↑ Planets that have no stars: New class of planets discovered, Physorg.com, 18 May 2011. Accessed May 2011.
  27. ↑ Sumi, T. (2011). "Unbound or Distant Planetary Mass Population Detected by Gravitational Microlensing". Nature. 473 (7347): 349–352. arXiv:1105.3544. Bibcode:2011Natur.473..349S. doi:10.1038/nature10092. PMID 21593867. Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (bantuan)
  28. ↑ "Researchers say galaxy may swarm with 'nomad planets'". Stanford University. 2012-02-23. Dicapai pada 29 February 2012.
  29. ↑ P. Mroz (2017). "No large population of unbound or wide-orbit Jupiter-mass planets". Nature. 548 (7666): 183–186. arXiv:1707.07634. Bibcode:2017Natur.548..183M. doi:10.1038/nature23276. PMID 28738410. Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (bantuan)
  30. ↑ Gough, Evan (1 October 2020). "A Rogue Earth-Mass Planet Has Been Discovered Freely Floating in the Milky Way Without a Star". Universe Today. Dicapai pada 2 October 2020.
  31. ↑ Redd, Nola Taylor (19 October 2020). "Rogue Rocky Planet Found Adrift in the Milky Way – The diminutive world and others like it could help astronomers probe the mysteries of planet formation". Scientific American. Dicapai pada 19 October 2020.
  32. ↑ Saumon, D.; Marley, Mark S. (2008-12-01). "The Evolution of L and T Dwarfs in Color-Magnitude Diagrams". The Astrophysical Journal. 689 (2): 1327–1344. arXiv:0808.2611. Bibcode:2008ApJ...689.1327S. doi:10.1086/592734. ISSN 0004-637X.
  33. 1 2 Esplin, T. L.; Luhman, K. L.; Faherty, J. K.; Mamajek, E. E.; Bochanski, J. J. (2017-08-01). "A Survey for Planetary-mass Brown Dwarfs in the Chamaeleon I Star-forming Region". The Astronomical Journal. 154 (2): 46. arXiv:1706.00058. Bibcode:2017AJ....154...46E. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa74e2. ISSN 0004-6256.
  34. ↑ Gagné, Jonathan (20 July 2015). "SDSS J111010.01+011613.1: A New Planetary-mass T Dwarf Member of the AB Doradus Moving Group". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 808 (1): L20. arXiv:1506.04195. Bibcode:2015ApJ...808L..20G. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/808/1/L20.
  35. ↑ Leggett, S. K.; Tremblin, P.; Esplin, T. L.; Luhman, K. L.; Morley, Caroline V. (2017-06-01). "The Y-type Brown Dwarfs: Estimates of Mass and Age from New Astrometry, Homogenized Photometry, and Near-infrared Spectroscopy". The Astrophysical Journal. 842 (2): 118. arXiv:1704.03573. Bibcode:2017ApJ...842..118L. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6fb5. ISSN 0004-637X.
  36. ↑ Luhman, Kevin L.; Esplin, Taran L. (September 2016). "The Spectral Energy Distribution of the Coldest Known Brown Dwarf". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (2). 78. arXiv:1605.06655. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...78L. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/78.
  37. ↑ Luhman, Kevin L. (10 February 2005). "Spitzer Identification of the Least Massive Known Brown Dwarf with a Circumstellar Disk". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 620 (1): L51–L54. arXiv:astro-ph/0502100. Bibcode:2005ApJ...620L..51L. doi:10.1086/428613.
  38. ↑ Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella C.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Schneider, Adam C.; Meisner, Aaron; Caselden, Dan; Colin, Guillaume; Goodman, Sam; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Kuchner, Marc (2020-06-01). "WISEA J083011.95+283716.0: A Missing Link Planetary-mass Object". The Astrophysical Journal. 895 (2): 145. arXiv:2004.12829. Bibcode:2020ApJ...895..145B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab8d25.
  39. ↑ Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Marocco, Federico; Caselden, Dan; Meisner, Aaron M.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Schneider, Adam C.; Kuchner, Marc J.; Casewell, S. L.; Gelino, Christopher R. (2021-07-01). "The Enigmatic Brown Dwarf WISEA J153429.75-104303.3 (a.k.a. "The Accident")". The Astrophysical Journal. 915 (1): L6. arXiv:2106.13408. Bibcode:2021ApJ...915L...6K. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac0437. ISSN 0004-637X.
  40. 1 2 Joergens, V.; Bonnefoy, M.; Liu, Y.; Bayo, A.; Wolf, S.; Chauvin, G.; Rojo, P. (2013). "OTS 44: Disk and accretion at the planetary border". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 558: L7. arXiv:1310.1936. Bibcode:2013A&A...558L...7J. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322432.
  41. 1 2 Pearson, Samuel G.; McCaughrean, Mark J. (2 Oct 2023). "Jupiter Mass Binary Objects in the Trapezium Cluster". arXiv:2310.01231 [astro-ph.EP].Pearson, Samuel G.; McCaughrean, Mark J. (2 October 2023). "Jupiter Mass Binary Objects in the Trapezium Cluster". p. 24. arXiv:2310.01231 [astro-ph.EP].
  42. ↑ Boss, Alan P. (2001-04-01). "Formation of Planetary-Mass Objects by Protostellar Collapse and Fragmentation". The Astrophysical Journal. 551 (2): L167–L170. Bibcode:2001ApJ...551L.167B. doi:10.1086/320033. ISSN 0004-637X.
  43. ↑ Gahm, G. F.; Grenman, T.; Fredriksson, S.; Kristen, H. (2007-04-01). "Globulettes as Seeds of Brown Dwarfs and Free-Floating Planetary-Mass Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 133 (4): 1795–1809. Bibcode:2007AJ....133.1795G. doi:10.1086/512036. ISSN 0004-6256.
  44. ↑ Limbach, Mary Anne; Vos, Johanna M.; Winn, Joshua N.; Heller, René; Mason, Jeffrey C.; Schneider, Adam C.; Dai, Fei (2021-09-01). "On the Detection of Exomoons Transiting Isolated Planetary-mass Objects". The Astrophysical Journal. 918 (2): L25. arXiv:2108.08323. Bibcode:2021ApJ...918L..25L. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac1e2d. ISSN 0004-637X.
  45. ↑ Luhman, K. L.; Adame, Lucía; D'Alessio, Paola; Calvet, Nuria; Hartmann, Lee; Megeath, S. T.; Fazio, G. G. (2005-12-01). "Discovery of a Planetary-Mass Brown Dwarf with a Circumstellar Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 635: L93–L96. Bibcode:2005ApJ...635L..93L. doi:10.1086/498868. ISSN 0004-637X.
  46. 1 2 Jayawardhana, Ray; Ivanov, Valentin D. (2006-08-01). "Spectroscopy of Young Planetary Mass Candidates with Disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 647 (2): L167–L170. Bibcode:2006ApJ...647L.167J. doi:10.1086/507522. ISSN 0004-637X.
  47. 1 2 3 Rilinger, Anneliese M.; Espaillat, Catherine C. (2021-11-01). "Disk Masses and Dust Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks around Brown Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 921 (2): 182. Bibcode:2021ApJ...921..182R. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac09e5. ISSN 0004-637X.
  48. ↑ Zapatero Osorio, M. R.; Caballero, J. A.; Béjar, V. J. S.; Rebolo, R.; Barrado Y Navascués, D.; Bihain, G.; Eislöffel, J.; Martín, E. L.; Bailer-Jones, C. A. L. (2007-09-01). "Discs of planetary-mass objects in σ Orionis". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 472: L9–L12. Bibcode:2007A&A...472L...9Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078116. ISSN 0004-6361.
  49. ↑ Fang, Min; Kim, Jinyoung Serena; Pascucci, Ilaria; Apai, Dániel; Manara, Carlo Felice (2016-12-01). "A Candidate Planetary-mass Object with a Photoevaporating Disk in Orion". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 833 (2): L16. arXiv:1611.09761. Bibcode:2016ApJ...833L..16F. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/833/2/L16. ISSN 0004-637X.
  50. ↑ Best, William M. J.; Liu, Michael C.; Magnier, Eugene A.; Bowler, Brendan P.; Aller, Kimberly M.; Zhang, Zhoujian; Kotson, Michael C.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C. (2017-03-01). "A Search for L/T Transition Dwarfs with Pan-STARRS1 and WISE. III. Young L Dwarf Discoveries and Proper Motion Catalogs in Taurus and Scorpius-Centaurus". The Astrophysical Journal. 837: 95. Bibcode:2017ApJ...837...95B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa5df0. ISSN 0004-637X.
  51. ↑ Scholz, Aleks; Muzic, Koraljka; Jayawardhana, Ray; Almendros-Abad, Victor; Wilson, Isaac (2023-05-01). "Disks around Young Planetary-mass Objects: Ultradeep Spitzer Imaging of NGC 1333". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (5): 196. Bibcode:2023AJ....165..196S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc65d. ISSN 0004-6256.
  52. ↑ Alves de Oliveira, C.; Moraux, E.; Bouvier, J.; Duchêne, G.; Bouy, H.; Maschberger, T.; Hudelot, P. (2013-01-01). "Spectroscopy of brown dwarf candidates in IC 348 and the determination of its substellar IMF down to planetary masses". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 549: A123. Bibcode:2013A&A...549A.123A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220229. ISSN 0004-6361.
  53. ↑ Boucher, Anne; Lafrenière, David; Gagné, Jonathan; Malo, Lison; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Doyon, René; Chen, Christine H. (2016-11-01). "BANYAN. VIII. New Low-mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs with Candidate Circumstellar Disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 832: 50. arXiv:1608.08259. Bibcode:2016ApJ...832...50B. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/832/1/50. ISSN 0004-637X.
  54. 1 2 3 Ma, Sizheng; Mao, Shude; Ida, Shigeru; Zhu, Wei; Lin, Douglas N. C. (2016-09-01). "Free-floating planets from core accretion theory: microlensing predictions". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 461 (1): L107–L111. arXiv:1605.08556. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.461L.107M. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slw110. ISSN 0035-8711.
  55. ↑ Hong, Yu-Cian; Raymond, Sean N.; Nicholson, Philip D.; Lunine, Jonathan I. (2018-01-01). "Innocent Bystanders: Orbital Dynamics of Exomoons During Planet-Planet Scattering". The Astrophysical Journal. 852 (2): 85. arXiv:1712.06500. Bibcode:2018ApJ...852...85H. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa0db. ISSN 0004-637X.
  56. ↑ Goulinski, Nadav; Ribak, Erez N. (2018-01-01). "Capture of free-floating planets by planetary systems". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 473: 1589–1595. arXiv:1705.10332. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473.1589G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2506. ISSN 0035-8711.
  57. ↑ Raymond, Sean (9 April 2005). "Life in the dark". Aeon. Dicapai pada 9 April 2016.
  58. 1 2 3 4 Stevenson, David J.; Stevens, C. F. (1999). "Life-sustaining planets in interstellar space?". Nature. 400 (6739): 32. Bibcode:1999Natur.400...32S. doi:10.1038/21811. PMID 10403246.
  59. ↑ Lissauer, J. J. (1987). "Timescales for Planetary Accretion and the Structure of the Protoplanetary disk". Icarus. 69 (2): 249–265. Bibcode:1987Icar...69..249L. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90104-7. |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (bantuan)
  60. ↑ Abbot, Dorian S.; Switzer, Eric R. (2 June 2011). "The Steppenwolf: A proposal for a habitable planet in interstellar space". The Astrophysical Journal. 735 (2): L27. arXiv:1102.1108. Bibcode:2011ApJ...735L..27A. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L27.
  61. ↑ Debes, John H.; Steinn Sigurðsson (20 October 2007). "The Survival Rate of Ejected Terrestrial Planets with Moons". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 668 (2): L167–L170. arXiv:0709.0945. Bibcode:2007ApJ...668L.167D. doi:10.1086/523103.

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